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Single Idea 24321

[catalogued under 20. Action / C. Motives for Action / 4. Responsibility for Actions]

Full Idea

Actions done because of fear of greater evils …give rise to disputes about whether they are voluntary. …But the agent does them voluntarily …because the starting-point of the action is internal to himself. The acts can even merit praise.

Gist of Idea

Bad actions done through fear are still voluntary, though they may still be praised

Source

Aristotle (Nicomachean Ethics [c.334 BCE], 1110a3-)

A Reaction

Aristotle is clear that it depends on the merit of the action, and the circumstances. He says Alcmaeon should have chosen death, rather than his actual murder of his mother. He decides that forced actions all start externally.

Book Reference

Aristotle: 'Nicomachean Ethics', ed/tr. Reeve, C.D.C. [Hackett 2024], p.35