24441 | Jacobi said Spinoza's pantheism is atheism, and his determinism destroys morality [Jacobi, by West] |
24440 | Analytic philosophy is the heir of the Enlightenment [West] |
24464 | True statements are largely based on our categories, which are not fixed [Lakoff/Johnson] |
24411 | For Kant a 'deduction' is not a proof, but the validation of a concept [Kant, by Wolff,RP] |
24397 | Truth is indeterminate in processes like coming to be and passing away [Rescher] |
24383 | We only solve problems once we see that all of reality is mobile [Bergson] |
24384 | Whitehead's building blocks are unit processes, called 'actual occasions' [Whitehead, by Rescher] |
24385 | Process philosophy is either phenomenological or biological or physical [Rescher] |
24387 | Prefer activity to substance, process to product, change to persistence, novelty to continuity [Rescher] |
24388 | A process is a coordinated group of changes, linked causally or functionally [Rescher] |
24389 | Aristotelians say all processes are 'owned', and are thus subordinate to things [Rescher] |
24390 | The orthodox view sees processes as the manifestations of stable dispositions of things [Rescher] |
24391 | Processes without entities are possible, but there can't be entities without processes [Rescher] |
24395 | Processes instantiate and transmit patterns, though these are not predictable [Rescher] |
24448 | Events are metaphorical objects (and activities are substances, and states are containers) [Lakoff/Johnson] |
24394 | Maybe physical objects are stability-waves in a sea of processes [Rescher] |
24386 | Processes and events like storms are just as real as things like dogs [Rescher] |
24393 | The world contains many 'things' which are not substances [Rescher] |
24398 | A key form of knowing-how is knowing how to obtain and apply knowing-that [Rescher] |
24392 | Primary properties describe what it is; secondary properties underlie the impact and responses [Rescher] |
24454 | Two metaphors for one thing may be coherent, even if inconsistent [Lakoff/Johnson] |
24445 | Seeing experiences as entities facilitates reference, categorising, quantifying and reasoning [Lakoff/Johnson] |
24447 | Seeing experience as objects doesn't (unlike metaphors) enhance understanding [Lakoff/Johnson] |
24450 | Metaphorical concepts arise not from concrete images but from general ones [Lakoff/Johnson] |
24449 | Personification sees object in human terms, usually selecting one aspect [Lakoff/Johnson] |
24457 | We must explain how concepts are grounded, structured, related, and defined [Lakoff/Johnson] |
24458 | Definitions give the essence of a concept, but metaphors are how we use them [Lakoff/Johnson] |
24446 | Human purposes imposes boundaries around our experiences [Lakoff/Johnson] |
24451 | We usually conceptualise vague nonphysical things in terms of more precise physical things [Lakoff/Johnson] |
24452 | We reject the standard view that all concepts are analyzable into primitive concepts [Lakoff/Johnson] |
24455 | Metaphors help us to understand aspects of concepts [Lakoff/Johnson] |
24460 | Categories as prototypes can be qualified by a variety of verbal 'hedges' [Lakoff/Johnson] |
24465 | Sentence meaning determines its truth-value in various situations [Lewis] |
24443 | Metaphor not only pervades language, but also our fundamental conceptual scheme [Lakoff/Johnson] |
24444 | Metaphors understand and experience one thing in terms of another [Lakoff/Johnson] |
24456 | Argument seen as journey, container or building reveals eight different aspects of it [Lakoff/Johnson] |
24463 | Metaphors restructure our experience, and thus create new similarities [Lakoff/Johnson] |
24462 | Metaphor stuctures our conceptual and decisions systems, and is not mere language [Lakoff/Johnson] |
24428 | Morality just needs equality and an absence of authority [Bakunin] |
24396 | What has value for humans is quite separate from any ideas of endurance and permanency [Rescher] |
24453 | The concept of 'love' is structured mostly in physical terms [Lakoff/Johnson] |
24425 | Wealth is essential for all human goods [Bakunin] |
24442 | Mere universalising of maxims doesn't pick out the moral actions [West on Kant] |
24437 | For anarchists people may not be naturally good, but they are social [Woodcock] |
24429 | A state can only exist as a conspiracy for exploiting working people [Bakunin] |
24435 | The tacit general contract was a fiction, supporting the propertied classes [Bakunin] |
24422 | Rousseau uses 'general will' as both aiming at the common good, and as mere consensus [Wolff,RP on Rousseau] |
24410 | People see tradition as an adequate reason for a repeated action [Wolff,RP] |
24427 | Given power, people are natural oppressors [Bakunin] |
24430 | The ruling classes produce a small group, to organise state power and exploit the people [Bakunin] |
24426 | The believers were united, and renounced possessions, which they shared in common [Luke] |
24439 | Authority is unnatural, and social ills are because we cannot act according to reason [Godwin, by Woodcock] |
24436 | True anarchists accept society, which is more important without a government [Woodcock] |
24400 | People are sociable and self-sufficient; if that is not so, why allow men to rule others? [Walter] |
24402 | Liberals and socialists want government, which suppresses either equality, or freedom [Walter] |
24407 | Anarchists co-ordinate their mutualist groups into a federation [Walter] |
24408 | Syndicalism expands worker control through enhanced and widespread trade unions [Walter] |
24409 | Syndicalism overemphsises work, and the role of the working class [Walter] |
24404 | Anarchists want organisation by consent, so there will be more planning, not less [Walter] |
24399 | Anarchism is the political expression of the common reaction against authority [Walter] |
24406 | Mutualism is the voluntary formation of groups of people, seen as equals [Walter] |
24413 | An anarchist has no country, since he views all governments in an equal light [Wolff,RP] |
24412 | States have a right to rule, but autonomous people refuse to be ruled. Hence Anarchism [Wolff,RP] |
24414 | Democracy is the only politics which might reconcile authority and autonomy [Wolff,RP] |
24415 | Democracy ideally wants unanimous directness, with compromises because of obstacles [Wolff,RP] |
24420 | Since the majority are much stronger, we need rule by ballot to prevent their rule by force [Wolff,RP] |
24438 | For large area issues anarchists prefer short-term delegates, not representatives [Woodcock] |
24416 | What authority have laws made by a representative who is unlike me, and doesn't know me? [Wolff,RP] |
24417 | If the views of candidate and voter don't coincide, there is no way they can really represent them [Wolff,RP] |
24421 | In most disputes, especially early on, the minority are usually in the right [Wolff,RP] |
24419 | The minority in a vote make a moral judgement which is then forcibly overruled [Wolff,RP] |
24403 | Only small scale democracy is possible, but then it is unnecessary [Walter] |
24418 | Very few of us really believe in government by the people [Wolff,RP] |
24423 | If you competitively cut prices to gain advantage, you push all the prices down [Wolff,RP] |
24424 | Free markets very efficiently coordinate behaviour, without need for coercion [Wolff,RP] |
24461 | Cultures were partly westernised by the new time-is-money metaphor [Lakoff/Johnson] |
24433 | My freedom needs everyone's freedom [Bakunin] |
24434 | Respect for freedom is the highest duty and virtue [Bakunin] |
24401 | Anarchists show that freedom and equality are essentially the same [Walter] |
24405 | Anarchists only favour personal property which cannot be used to exploit others. [Walter] |
24432 | Deny free will, and abolish punishment, since human actions are the consequence of society [Bakunin] |
24382 | Teachers should hold knowledge worthless if it does not enhance our lives [Pufendorf] |
24431 | A free society needs full compuslory education, followed by promotion of exact science [Bakunin] |
24459 | We understand time in almost entirely metaphorical terms [Lakoff/Johnson] |