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25. Social Practice / D. Justice / 3. Punishment / c. Deterrence of crime

[punishment to frighten others away from crime]

4 ideas
The greatest deterrence for injustice is if uninjured parties feel as much indignation as those who are injured [Solon, by Diog. Laertius]
     Full Idea: Men can be most effectively deterred from committing injustice if those who are not injured feel as much indignation as those who are.
     From: report of Solon (reports [c.600 BCE]) by Diogenes Laertius - Lives of Eminent Philosophers 01.So.10
We have the death penalty, but still have thousands of robbers [Cicero]
     Full Idea: We have robbers by the thousand, although they have the penalty of death before their eyes.
     From: M. Tullius Cicero (On the Nature of the Gods ('De natura deorum') [c.44 BCE], I.86)
Punish theft in men or women by cutting off their hands [Mohammed]
     Full Idea: As for the man or woman who is guilty of theft, cut off their hands to punish them for their crimes.
     From: Mohammed (The Koran [c.622], Ch.5)
     A reaction: I find this shocking because it is irrevocable and offers no hope of redemption. It is particularly shocking that the text does not enjoin any caution about inflicting the punishment on the young, most of whom reform from thieving in later life.
Only people who are actually dangerous should be executed, even as an example [Rousseau]
     Full Idea: There is no wicked man who could not be made good for something. One has the right to put to death, even as an example, only someone who cannot be preserved without danger.
     From: Jean-Jacques Rousseau (The Social Contract (tr Cress) [1762], II.05)
     A reaction: This formulation implies that we could execute a dangerous person as a deterrent, even though they were not guilty of this particular crime. I suspect that Rousseau was too nice to go through with that.