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19. Language / F. Communication / 6. Interpreting Language / d. Metaphor

[using falsehoods to enhance understanding]

14 ideas
If you shouldn't argue in metaphors, then you shouldn't try to define them either [Aristotle]
Understanding a metaphor is a creative act, with no rules [Davidson]
Metaphors just mean what their words literally mean [Davidson]
We accept a metaphor when we see the sentence is false [Davidson]
We indicate use of a metaphor by its obvious falseness, or trivial truth [Davidson]
Hardly a word in the language is devoid of metaphorical potential [Yablo]
Metaphors tend to involve category mistakes, by joining disjoint domains [Magidor]
One theory says metaphors mean the same as the corresponding simile [Magidor]
Theories of metaphor divide over whether they must have literal meanings [Magidor]
The simile view of metaphors removes their magic, and won't explain why we use them [Magidor]
Maybe a metaphor is just a substitute for what is intended literally, like 'icy' for 'unemotional' [Magidor]
Gricean theories of metaphor involve conversational implicatures based on literal meanings [Magidor]
Non-cognitivist views of metaphor says there are no metaphorical meanings, just effects of the literal [Magidor]
Metaphors as substitutes for the literal misses one predicate varying with context [Magidor]