Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'fragments/reports', 'Two Notions of Being: Entity and Essence' and 'Reference and Contingency'

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13 ideas

1. Philosophy / B. History of Ideas / 2. Ancient Thought

1597	Thales was the first western thinker to believe the arché was intelligible [Roochnik on Thales]

1. Philosophy / E. Nature of Metaphysics / 3. Metaphysical Systems

13917

Metaphysics aims to identify categories of being, and show their interdependency [Lowe]

1. Philosophy / E. Nature of Metaphysics / 6. Metaphysics as Conceptual

13919

Philosophy aims not at the 'analysis of concepts', but at understanding the essences of things [Lowe]

9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 3. Unity Problems / d. Coincident objects

13918

Holes, shadows and spots of light can coincide without being identical [Lowe]

9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 8. Essence as Explanatory

13921

All things must have an essence (a 'what it is'), or we would be unable to think about them [Lowe]

9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 14. Knowledge of Essences

13922

Knowing an essence is just knowing what the thing is, not knowing some further thing [Lowe]

9. Objects / F. Identity among Objects / 4. Type Identity

13920

Each thing has to be of a general kind, because it belongs to some category [Lowe]

10. Modality / B. Possibility / 5. Contingency

14895

'Superficial' contingency: false in some world; 'Deep' contingency: no obvious verification [Evans, by Macià/Garcia-Carpentiro]

10. Modality / C. Sources of Modality / 5. Modality from Actuality

3013	Nothing is stronger than necessity, which rules everything [Thales, by Diog. Laertius]

10. Modality / E. Possible worlds / 3. Transworld Objects / b. Rigid designation

11881

Rigid designators can be meaningful even if empty [Evans, by Mackie,P]

26. Natural Theory / A. Speculations on Nature / 6. Early Matter Theories / c. Ultimate substances

1494	Thales said water is the first principle, perhaps from observing that food is moist [Thales, by Aristotle]

27. Natural Reality / A. Classical Physics / 1. Mechanics / a. Explaining movement

1713	Thales must have thought soul causes movement, since he thought magnets have soul [Thales, by Aristotle]

29. Religion / A. Polytheistic Religion / 2. Greek Polytheism

1742	Thales said the gods know our wrong thoughts as well as our evil actions [Thales, by Diog. Laertius]