Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'fragments/reports', 'The Foundations of Empirical Knowledge' and 'Elements of Mathematical Logic'

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8 ideas

1. Philosophy / B. History of Ideas / 2. Ancient Thought

1597	Thales was the first western thinker to believe the arché was intelligible [Roochnik on Thales]

4. Formal Logic / E. Nonclassical Logics / 3. Many-Valued Logic

8942	Lukasiewicz's L3 logic has three truth-values, T, F and I (for 'indeterminate') [Lukasiewicz, by Fisher]

10. Modality / C. Sources of Modality / 5. Modality from Actuality

3013	Nothing is stronger than necessity, which rules everything [Thales, by Diog. Laertius]

11. Knowledge Aims / C. Knowing Reality / 2. Phenomenalism

8824	No one has defended translational phenomenalism since Ayer in 1940 [Ayer, by Kim]

26. Natural Theory / A. Speculations on Nature / 6. Early Matter Theories / c. Ultimate substances

1494	Thales said water is the first principle, perhaps from observing that food is moist [Thales, by Aristotle]

26. Natural Theory / C. Causation / 9. General Causation / d. Causal necessity

15251

The attribution of necessity to causation is either primitive animism, or confusion with logical necessity [Ayer]

27. Natural Reality / A. Classical Physics / 1. Mechanics / a. Explaining movement

1713	Thales must have thought soul causes movement, since he thought magnets have soul [Thales, by Aristotle]

29. Religion / A. Polytheistic Religion / 2. Greek Polytheism

1742	Thales said the gods know our wrong thoughts as well as our evil actions [Thales, by Diog. Laertius]