Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'Laches', 'Socrates: Ironist and Moral Philosopher' and 'The Foundations of Empirical Knowledge'

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5 ideas

1. Philosophy / A. Wisdom / 3. Wisdom Deflated

291	Don't assume that wisdom is the automatic consequence of old age [Plato]

11. Knowledge Aims / C. Knowing Reality / 2. Phenomenalism

8824	No one has defended translational phenomenalism since Ayer in 1940 [Ayer, by Kim]

23. Ethics / C. Virtue Theory / 3. Virtues / d. Courage

293	Being unafraid (perhaps through ignorance) and being brave are two different things [Plato]

25. Social Practice / D. Justice / 3. Punishment / b. Retribution for crime

1658	In early Greece the word for punishment was also the word for vengeance [Vlastos]

26. Natural Theory / C. Causation / 9. General Causation / d. Causal necessity

15251

The attribution of necessity to causation is either primitive animism, or confusion with logical necessity [Ayer]