Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'fragments/reports', 'Discourse on Metaphysics' and 'Structure of Scientific Revolutions (2nd ed)'

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23 ideas

2. Reason / B. Laws of Thought / 6. Ockham's Razor
19342 Reason avoids multiplying hypotheses or principles [Leibniz]
8. Modes of Existence / C. Powers and Dispositions / 1. Powers
12711 The immediate cause of movements is more real [than geometry] [Leibniz]
9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 2. Substance / a. Substance
19349 The complete notion of a substance implies all of its predicates or attributes [Leibniz]
9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 2. Substance / c. Types of substance
7558 Substances mirror God or the universe, each from its own viewpoint [Leibniz]
9. Objects / C. Structure of Objects / 2. Hylomorphism / b. Form as principle
16761 Forms are of no value in physics, but are indispensable in metaphysics [Leibniz]
9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 1. Essences of Objects
13088 Subjects include predicates, so full understanding of subjects reveals all the predicates [Leibniz]
10. Modality / E. Possible worlds / 3. Transworld Objects / d. Haecceitism
13085 Leibniz is some form of haecceitist [Leibniz, by Cover/O'Leary-Hawthorne]
12. Knowledge Sources / D. Empiricism / 5. Empiricism Critique
5024 Knowledge doesn't just come from the senses; we know the self, substance, identity, being etc. [Leibniz]
14. Science / A. Basis of Science / 6. Falsification
18076 Most theories are continually falsified [Kuhn, by Kitcher]
22191 Kuhn's scientists don't aim to falsifying their paradigm, because that is what they rely on [Kuhn, by Gorham]
14. Science / B. Scientific Theories / 4. Paradigm
22183 Switching scientific paradigms is a conversion experience [Kuhn]
14. Science / B. Scientific Theories / 5. Commensurability
6162 Kuhn has a description theory of reference, so the reference of 'electron' changes with the descriptions [Rowlands on Kuhn]
22184 Incommensurability assumes concepts get their meaning from within the theory [Kuhn, by Okasha]
7619 Galileo's notions can't be 'incommensurable' if we can fully describe them [Putnam on Kuhn]
16. Persons / D. Continuity of the Self / 2. Mental Continuity / a. Memory is Self
5027 If a person's memories became totally those of the King of China, he would be the King of China [Leibniz]
16. Persons / F. Free Will / 1. Nature of Free Will
5023 Future contingent events are certain, because God foresees them, but that doesn't make them necessary [Leibniz]
16. Persons / F. Free Will / 6. Determinism / a. Determinism
2119 People argue for God's free will, but it isn't needed if God acts in perfection following supreme reason [Leibniz]
17. Mind and Body / A. Mind-Body Dualism / 4. Occasionalism
5025 Mind and body can't influence one another, but God wouldn't intervene in the daily routine [Leibniz]
22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 1. Nature of Ethics / a. Preconditions for ethics
5026 Animals lack morality because they lack self-reflection [Leibniz]
23. Ethics / C. Virtue Theory / 1. Virtue Theory / a. Nature of virtue
6012 We must choose in which of the virtues we wish to excel [Panaetius]
23. Ethics / C. Virtue Theory / 2. Elements of Virtue Theory / b. Living naturally
6013 Panaetius said we should live according to our natural starting-points [Panaetius, by Asmis]
23. Ethics / C. Virtue Theory / 3. Virtues / d. Courage
6014 Panaetius identified courage with great-mindedness, preferring civic courage to military [Panaetius, by Asmis]
29. Religion / D. Religious Issues / 2. Immortality / a. Immortality
5888 Souls are born, since they are sensitive and inherited, so they must perish [Panaetius, by Cicero]