Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'fragments/reports', 'The Problem of Knowledge' and 'Spinoza's Ethics'

expand these ideas     |    start again     |     specify just one area for these texts

---

9 ideas

1. Philosophy / B. History of Ideas / 5. Later European Thought

21855

Only in the 1780s did it become acceptable to read Spinoza [Lord]

2. Reason / F. Fallacies / 1. Fallacy

19463

Induction assumes some uniformity in nature, or that in some respects the future is like the past [Ayer]

11. Knowledge Aims / B. Certain Knowledge / 5. Cogito Critique

19461

Knowing I exist reveals nothing at all about my nature [Ayer]

19459

To say 'I am not thinking' must be false, but it might have been true, so it isn't self-contradictory [Ayer]

19460

'I know I exist' has no counterevidence, so it may be meaningless [Ayer]

13. Knowledge Criteria / E. Relativism / 2. Knowledge as Convention

1556	By nature people are close to one another, but culture drives them apart [Hippias]

14. Science / A. Basis of Science / 6. Falsification

19464

We only discard a hypothesis after one failure if it appears likely to keep on failing [Ayer]

14. Science / C. Induction / 2. Aims of Induction

19462

Induction passes from particular facts to other particulars, or to general laws, non-deductively [Ayer]

15. Nature of Minds / C. Capacities of Minds / 10. Conatus/Striving

21866

Hobbes and Spinoza use 'conatus' to denote all endeavour for advantage in nature [Lord]