Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'fragments/reports', 'Criterion of Validity in Reasoning' and 'Identity and Essence'

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25 ideas

1. Philosophy / C. History of Philosophy / 2. Ancient Philosophy / b. Pre-Socratic philosophy
5988 Anaximander produced the first philosophy book (and maybe the first book) [Anaximander, by Bodnár]
2. Reason / A. Nature of Reason / 4. Aims of Reason
14779 I reason in order to avoid disappointment and surprise [Peirce]
2. Reason / B. Laws of Thought / 2. Sufficient Reason
1496 The earth is stationary, because it is in the centre, and has no more reason to move one way than another [Anaximander, by Aristotle]
3. Truth / H. Deflationary Truth / 1. Redundant Truth
14777 That a judgement is true and that we judge it true are quite different things [Peirce]
5. Theory of Logic / A. Overview of Logic / 3. Value of Logic
14780 Only study logic if you think your own reasoning is deficient [Peirce]
7. Existence / A. Nature of Existence / 1. Nature of Existence
14874 Anaximander saw the contradiction in the world - that its own qualities destroy it [Anaximander, by Nietzsche]
7. Existence / D. Theories of Reality / 8. Facts / a. Facts
14778 Facts are hard unmoved things, unaffected by what people may think of them [Peirce]
9. Objects / A. Existence of Objects / 5. Individuation / a. Individuation
12132 Indiscernibility is a necessary and sufficient condition for identity [Brody]
9. Objects / A. Existence of Objects / 5. Individuation / e. Individuation by kind
15834 Brody bases sortal essentialism on properties required throughout something's existence [Brody, by Mackie,P]
9. Objects / C. Structure of Objects / 2. Hylomorphism / a. Hylomorphism
12140 Modern emphasis is on properties had essentially; traditional emphasis is on sort-defining properties [Brody]
9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 5. Essence as Kind
11895 A sortal essence is a property which once possessed always possessed [Brody, by Mackie,P]
12141 Maybe essential properties are those which determine a natural kind? [Brody]
9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 6. Essence as Unifier
12137 De re essentialism standardly says all possible objects identical with a have a's essential properties [Brody]
9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 7. Essence and Necessity / a. Essence as necessary properties
12142 Essentially, a has P, always had P, must have had P, and has never had a future without P [Brody]
12143 An object having a property essentially is equivalent to its having it necessarily [Brody]
9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 8. Essence as Explanatory
12144 Essentialism is justified if the essential properties of things explain their other properties [Brody]
9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 12. Essential Parts
12139 Mereological essentialism says that every part that ensures the existence is essential [Brody]
9. Objects / E. Objects over Time / 12. Origin as Essential
12135 Interrupted objects have two first moments of existence, which could be two beginnings [Brody]
9. Objects / F. Identity among Objects / 7. Indiscernible Objects
12130 a and b share all properties; so they share being-identical-with-a; so a = b [Brody]
10. Modality / E. Possible worlds / 3. Transworld Objects / b. Rigid designation
12138 Identity across possible worlds is prior to rigid designation [Brody]
26. Natural Theory / A. Speculations on Nature / 6. Early Matter Theories / d. The unlimited
405 The essential nature, whatever it is, of the non-limited is everlasting and ageless [Anaximander]
13222 The Boundless cannot exist on its own, and must have something contrary to it [Aristotle on Anaximander]
1495 Anaximander introduced the idea that the first principle and element of things was the Boundless [Anaximander, by Simplicius]
404 Things begin and end in the Unlimited, and are balanced over time according to justice [Anaximander]
27. Natural Reality / E. Cosmology / 2. Eternal Universe
1746 The parts of all things are susceptible to change, but the whole is unchangeable [Anaximander, by Diog. Laertius]