Combining Texts
Ideas for
'fragments/reports', 'The Ethics' and 'In Praed.'
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10 ideas
10. Modality / A. Necessity / 10. Impossibility
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17183
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Things are impossible if they imply contradiction, or their production lacks an external cause [Spinoza]
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10. Modality / B. Possibility / 5. Contingency
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4299
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Contingency is an illusion, resulting from our inadequate understanding [Spinoza, by Cottingham]
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4824
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We only call things 'contingent' in relation to the imperfection of our knowledge [Spinoza]
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4839
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Reason naturally regards things as necessary, and only imagination considers them contingent [Spinoza]
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10. Modality / C. Sources of Modality / 1. Sources of Necessity
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4822
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Divine nature makes all existence and operations necessary, and nothing is contingent [Spinoza]
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10. Modality / C. Sources of Modality / 6. Necessity from Essence
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17182
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Necessity is in reference to essence or to cause [Spinoza]
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10. Modality / D. Knowledge of Modality / 4. Conceivable as Possible / a. Conceivable as possible
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4818
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People who are ignorant of true causes imagine anything can change into anything else [Spinoza]
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20310
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Error does not result from imagining, but from lacking the evidence of impossibility [Spinoza]
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10. Modality / E. Possible worlds / 3. Transworld Objects / a. Transworld identity
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17208
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A horse would be destroyed if it were changed into a man or an insect [Spinoza]
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10. Modality / E. Possible worlds / 3. Transworld Objects / e. Possible Objects
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17209
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A thing is contingent if nothing in its essence determines whether or not it exists [Spinoza]
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