Ideas from 'fragments/reports' by Empedocles [453 BCE], by Theme Structure
[found in 'Early Greek Phil V: Parmenides, Empedocles etc' by Parmenides (ed/tr Laks,A/Most,G) [Harvard Loeb 2016,978-0-674-99706-6]].
green numbers give full details |
back to texts
|
expand these ideas
7. Existence / A. Nature of Existence / 5. Reason for Existence
|
458
|
Nothing could come out of nothing, and existence could never completely cease
|
7. Existence / B. Change in Existence / 1. Nature of Change
|
5112
|
Empedocles says things are at rest, unless love unites them, or hatred splits them [Aristotle]
|
9. Objects / A. Existence of Objects / 6. Nihilism about Objects
|
13209
|
There is no coming-to-be of anything, but only mixing and separating [Aristotle]
|
9. Objects / E. Objects over Time / 10. Beginning of an Object
|
457
|
Substance is not created or destroyed in mortals, but there is only mixing and exchange
|
13. Knowledge Criteria / E. Relativism / 3. Subjectivism
|
462
|
One vision is produced by both eyes
|
17. Mind and Body / A. Mind-Body Dualism / 3. Panpsychism
|
22765
|
Wisdom and thought are shared by all things
|
18. Thought / A. Modes of Thought / 1. Thought
|
1524
|
For Empedocles thinking is almost identical to perception [Theophrastus]
|
22. Metaethics / B. Value / 2. Values / j. Evil
|
552
|
Empedocles said good and evil were the basic principles [Aristotle]
|
26. Natural Theory / A. Speculations on Nature / 1. Nature
|
589
|
'Nature' is just a word invented by people
|
26. Natural Theory / A. Speculations on Nature / 6. Early Matter Theories / e. The One
|
21823
|
The principle of 'Friendship' in Empedocles is the One, and is bodiless [Plotinus]
|
26. Natural Theory / A. Speculations on Nature / 6. Early Matter Theories / f. Ancient elements
|
460
|
If the one Being ever diminishes it would no longer exist, and what could ever increase it?
|
|
2680
|
Empedocles said that there are four material elements, and two further creative elements [Aristotle]
|
|
6002
|
Empedocles says bone is water, fire and earth in ratio 2:4:2 [Inwood]
|
|
13207
|
Fire, Water, Air and Earth are elements, being simple as well as homoeomerous [Aristotle]
|
|
13218
|
The elements combine in coming-to-be, but how do the elements themselves come-to-be? [Aristotle]
|
|
13225
|
Love and Strife only explain movement if their effects are distinctive [Aristotle]
|
|
459
|
All change is unity through love or division through hate
|
27. Natural Reality / G. Biology / 3. Evolution
|
5090
|
Maybe bodies are designed by accident, and the creatures that don't work are destroyed [Aristotle]
|
28. God / A. Divine Nature / 2. Divine Nature
|
461
|
God is a pure, solitary, and eternal sphere
|
|
466
|
God is pure mind permeating the universe
|
28. God / A. Divine Nature / 4. Divine Contradictions
|
1719
|
In Empedocles' theory God is ignorant because, unlike humans, he doesn't know one of the elements (strife) [Aristotle]
|
29. Religion / A. Polytheistic Religion / 2. Greek Polytheism
|
1522
|
It is wretched not to want to think clearly about the gods
|