Ideas from 'An Inquiry into Meaning and Truth' by Bertrand Russell [1940], by Theme Structure
[found in 'An Inquiry into Meaning and Truth' by Russell,Bertrand [Penguin 1967,-]].
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3. Truth / A. Truth Problems / 7. Falsehood
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16477
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Asserting not-p is saying p is false
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4. Formal Logic / C. Predicate Calculus PC / 2. Tools of Predicate Calculus / e. Existential quantifier ∃
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16484
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There are four experiences that lead us to talk of 'some' things
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5. Theory of Logic / A. Overview of Logic / 4. Pure Logic
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16486
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The physical world doesn't need logic, but the mental world does
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5. Theory of Logic / D. Assumptions for Logic / 2. Excluded Middle
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2947
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Questions wouldn't lead anywhere without the law of excluded middle
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5. Theory of Logic / E. Structures of Logic / 2. Logical Connectives / e. or
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16480
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A disjunction expresses indecision
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16479
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'Or' expresses hesitation, in a dog at a crossroads, or birds risking grabbing crumbs
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16481
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'Or' expresses a mental state, not something about the world
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16483
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Disjunction may also arise in practice if there is imperfect memory.
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16487
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Maybe the 'or' used to describe mental states is not the 'or' of logic
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5. Theory of Logic / L. Paradox / 6. Paradoxes in Language / c. Grelling's paradox
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16475
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A 'heterological' predicate can't be predicated of itself; so is 'heterological' heterological? Yes=no!
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11. Knowledge Aims / A. Knowledge / 1. Knowledge
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16482
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All our knowledge (if verbal) is general, because all sentences contain general words
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11. Knowledge Aims / C. Knowing Reality / 1. Perceptual Realism / a. Naïve realism
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4758
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Naïve realism leads to physics, but physics then shows that naïve realism is false
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12. Knowledge Sources / D. Empiricism / 1. Empiricism
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16476
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For simple words, a single experience can show that they are true
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12. Knowledge Sources / D. Empiricism / 5. Empiricism Critique
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16485
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Perception can't prove universal generalisations, so abandon them, or abandon empiricism?
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20. Action / C. Motives for Action / 3. Acting on Reason / b. Intellectualism
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16478
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A mother cat is paralysed if equidistant between two needy kittens
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