Ideas from 'Fragments from 1886-87 (v 17)' by Friedrich Nietzsche [1887], by Theme Structure

[found in 'Fragments from 1886-87 (v 17)' by Nietzsche,Friedrich (ed/tr Leiner, George H.) [Stanford 2025,978-1-5036-4067-2]].

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1. Philosophy / A. Wisdom / 2. Wise People
The people think philosophers should never lie, because only the truthful know truth
1. Philosophy / A. Wisdom / 3. Wisdom Deflated
The people are too remote from wisdom to understand it
1. Philosophy / E. Nature of Metaphysics / 3. Metaphysical Systems
You need to be narrow-minded to have a system
2. Reason / A. Nature of Reason / 5. Objectivity
Might apparent objectivity just be a different degree within subjectivity?
2. Reason / A. Nature of Reason / 9. Limits of Reason
Thinking is only possible with linguistic contraints, and reasoning is trapped in a schema
Won't philosophy eventually reveal the presuppositions of reason?
3. Truth / A. Truth Problems / 1. Truth
If proof is the criterion of truth, that criterion is arbitrary, and cannot be proven
7. Existence / A. Nature of Existence / 3. Being / i. Deflating being
We believe in realities that affect us, and 'being' is where we detect activity
We commit to being (rather than becoming) only because we need stable beliefs
8. Modes of Existence / D. Universals / 6. Platonic Forms / d. Forms critiques
Plato's reversal said the more value the more reality, and the more 'idea' the more being
11. Knowledge Aims / A. Knowledge / 1. Knowledge
The world is knowable up to a point, but there are many interpretations
11. Knowledge Aims / B. Certain Knowledge / 1. Certainty
The question of values is prior to the question of certainty
11. Knowledge Aims / B. Certain Knowledge / 5. Cogito Critique
The Cogito means assuming substances, and a grammatical convention assigning doers to deeds
12. Knowledge Sources / B. Perception / 1. Perception
We couldn't survive having much stronger or weaker senses
13. Knowledge Criteria / B. Internal Justification / 5. Coherentism / b. Pro-coherentism
Single judgements are never 'true', because that needs coherent support
14. Science / B. Scientific Theories / 2. Aim of Science
Sciences are precise about what is superficial, and thus explore impoverished parts of existence
16. Persons / C. Self-Awareness / 3. Limits of Introspection
Intellects cannot critically self-examine, because no comparisons can be made
16. Persons / F. Free Will / 6. Determinism / a. Determinism
If something is regular and calculable, that doesn't mean it is necessary
21. Aesthetics / A. Aesthetic Experience / 5. Natural Beauty
Enthusiasts' Nature is Christian ideals, of freedom, goodness, innocence, equity, justice
22. Metaethics / B. Value / 1. Nature of Value / a. Nature of value
When we are affected by values, we have forgotten that we created them
22. Metaethics / B. Value / 1. Nature of Value / f. Ultimate value
It is naïve to posit any one value from consciousness as the highest value
22. Metaethics / B. Value / 2. Values / f. Altruism
Should I value my neighbour higher than me, and my neighbour value me higher than themselves?
23. Ethics / C. Virtue Theory / 1. Virtue Theory / d. Virtue theory critique
The virtuous are not persons, because they conform to a fixed scheme for life
23. Ethics / F. Existentialism / 2. Nihilism
We have nihilism now, because what seems the only possible interpretation has collapsed
24. Political Theory / D. Ideologies / 6. Liberalism / c. Liberal equality
What divides us from Christian values is respect for even non-virtuous humans
24. Political Theory / D. Ideologies / 14. Nationalism
We need many nations, to produce a world-perspective
25. Social Practice / D. Justice / 3. Punishment / c. Deterrence of crime
Crime is a rebellion against social order, so punishment should be the quelling of rebels
26. Natural Theory / A. Speculations on Nature / 6. Early Matter Theories / e. The One
We should avoid the idea of the unity of everything, because we then give it godlike authority
29. Religion / C. Spiritual Disciplines / 3. Buddhism
The second Buddhism was a nihilistic catastrophe