| 21979 | Wisdom emerges at the end of a process |
| 19635 | Hegel produced modern optimism; he failed to grasp that consciousness never progresses [Cioran] |
| 8215 | Hegel was the last philosopher of the Book [Derrida] |
| 20109 | Hegel inserted society and history between the God-world, man-nature, man-being binary pairs [Safranski] |
| 8927 | Philosophy moves essentially in the element of universality |
| 22766 | Philosophy is exploration of the rational |
| 21757 | Philosophy is the conceptual essence of the shape of history |
| 21776 | Philosophy aims to reveal the necessity and rationality of the categories of nature and spirit [Houlgate] |
| 19073 | True philosophy aims at absolute unity, while our understanding sees only separation |
| 21753 | If we look at the world rationally, the world assumes a rational aspect |
| 15624 | Free thinking has no presuppositions |
| 16011 | Hegel doesn't storm the heavens like the giants, but works his way up by syllogisms [Kierkegaard] |
| 15631 | The ideal of reason is the unification of abstract identity (or 'concept') and being |
| 15612 | Older metaphysics naively assumed that thought grasped things in themselves |
| 5433 | For Hegel, things are incomplete, and contain external references in their own nature [Russell] |
| 21761 | If we start with indeterminate being, we arrive at being and nothing as a united pair [Houlgate] |
| 21764 | Thought about being leads to a string of other concepts, like becoming, quantity, specificity, causality... [Houlgate] |
| 21769 | We must start with absolute abstraction, with no presuppositions, so we start with pure being |
| 21768 | Logic is metaphysics, the science of things grasped in thoughts |
| 22077 | Metaphysics is the lattice which makes incoming material intelligible |
| 3301 | On the continent it is generally believed that metaphysics died with Hegel [Benardete,JA] |
| 8935 | Without philosophy, science is barren and futile |
| 22082 | Truth does not appear by asserting reasons and then counter-reasons |
| 21984 | We must break up the rigidity that our understanding has imposed |
| 7083 | Highest reason is aesthetic, and truth and good are subordinate to beauty |
| 21974 | The world seems rational to those who look at it rationally |
| 22081 | Let thought follow its own course, and don't interfere |
| 22037 | Objectivity is not by correspondence, but by the historical determined necessity of Geist [Pinkard] |
| 15626 | Categories create objective experience, but are too conditioned by things to actually grasp them |
| 22768 | Subjective and objective are not firmly opposed, but merge into one another |
| 22035 | The structure of reason is a social and historical achievement [Pinkard] |
| 8932 | Truth does not come from giving reasons for and against propositions |
| 19661 | Making sufficient reason an absolute devalues the principle of non-contradiction [Meillassoux] |
| 21983 | Being and nothing are the same and not the same, which is the identity of identity and non-identity |
| 21985 | The so-called world is filled with contradiction |
| 15616 | If truth is just non-contradiction, we must take care that our basic concepts aren't contradictory |
| 20952 | Rather than in three stages, Hegel presented his dialectic as 'negation of the negation' [Bowie] |
| 21766 | Dialectic is the instability of thoughts generating their opposite, and then new more complex thoughts [Houlgate] |
| 21978 | Hegel's dialectic is not thesis-antithesis-synthesis, but usually negation of negation of the negation [Moore,AW] |
| 15638 | Dialectic is the moving soul of scientific progression, the principle which binds science together |
| 15615 | Older metaphysics became dogmatic, by assuming opposed assertions must be true and false |
| 21767 | Dialectic is seen in popular proverbs like 'pride comes before a fall' |
| 15639 | Socratic dialectic is subjective, but Plato made it freely scientific and objective |
| 19070 | Superficial truth is knowing how something is, which is consciousness of bare correctness |
| 21793 | Genuine truth is the resolution of the highest contradiction |
| 21795 | What I hold true must also be part of my feelings and character |
| 5644 | In Hegel's logic it is concepts (rather than judgements or propositions) which are true or false [Scruton] |
| 19072 | In the deeper sense of truth, to be untrue resembles being bad; badness is untrue to a thing's nature |
| 19071 | The deeper sense of truth is a thing matching the idea of what it ought to be |
| 7077 | The true is the whole |
| 21595 | Excluded middle is the maxim of definite understanding, but just produces contradictions |
| 21777 | Negation of negation doubles back into a self-relationship [Houlgate] |
| 15629 | Tenderness for the world solves the antinomies; contradiction is in our reason, not in the essence of the world |
| 15628 | The idea that contradiction is essential to rational understanding is a key modern idea |
| 15630 | Antinomies are not just in four objects, but in all objects, all representations, all objects and all ideas |
| 5645 | The dialectical opposition of being and nothing is resolved in passing to the concept of becoming [Scruton] |
| 21977 | Nothing exists, as thinkable and expressible |
| 21762 | To grasp an existence, we must consider its non-existence [Houlgate] |
| 21760 | Thinking of nothing is not the same as simply not thinking [Houlgate] |
| 22772 | Personality overcomes subjective limitations and posits Dasein as its own |
| 5646 | Hegel gives an ontological proof of the existence of everything [Scruton] |
| 21765 | The ground of a thing is not another thing, but the first thing's substance or rational concept [Houlgate] |
| 22059 | Kant's thing-in-itself is just an abstraction from our knowledge; things only exist for us [Bowie] |
| 22083 | Hegel believe that the genuine categories reveal things in themselves [Houlgate] |
| 22078 | Even simple propositions about sensations are filled with categories |
| 15634 | Thought about particulars is done entirely through categories |
| 21755 | For Hegel, categories shift their form in the course of history [Houlgate] |
| 21754 | Our concepts and categories disclose the world, because we are part of the world [Houlgate] |
| 22079 | Hegel said Kant's fixed categories actually vary with culture and era [Houlgate] |
| 22080 | The nature of each category relates itself to another |
| 21981 | The one substance is formless without the mediation of dialectical concepts |
| 15637 | Essence is the essential self-positing unity of immediacy and mediation |
| 15613 | Real cognition grasps a thing from within itself, and is not satisfied with mere predicates |
| 21772 | In absolute knowing, the gap between object and oneself closes, producing certainty |
| 15611 | I develop philosophical science from the simplest appearance of immediate consciousness [Hegel] |
| 15636 | The Cogito is at the very centre of the entire concern of modern philosophy |
| 8929 | In the Absolute everything is the same |
| 8928 | The Absolute is not supposed to be comprehended, but felt and intuited |
| 21774 | Genuine idealism is seeing the ideal structure of the world [Houlgate] |
| 8934 | Being is Thought |
| 20954 | The 'absolute idea' is when all the contradictions are exhausted [Bowie] |
| 21972 | Hegel, unlike Kant, said how things appear is the same as how things are [Moore,AW] |
| 22038 | Hegel's non-subjective idealism is the unity of subjective and objective viewpoints [Pinkard] |
| 22044 | Hegel claimed his system was about the world, but it only mapped conceptual interdependence [Pinkard] |
| 22084 | Authentic thinking and reality have the same content |
| 21464 | The Absolute is the primitive system of concepts which are actualised [Gardner] |
| 21975 | The absolute idea is being, imperishable life, self-knowing truth, and all truth |
| 21976 | The absolute idea is the great unity of the infinite system of concepts [Moore,AW] |
| 22300 | Existence is just a set of relationships |
| 9225 | Hegel reputedly claimed to know a priori that there are five planets [Field,H] |
| 21773 | Experience is immediacy, unity, forces, self-awareness, reason, culture, absolute being [Houlgate] |
| 15609 | The sensible is distinguished from thought by being about singular things |
| 22033 | Hegel tried to avoid Kant's dualism of neutral intuitions and imposed concepts [Pinkard] |
| 15625 | Sense perception is secondary and dependent, while thought is independent and primitive |
| 15620 | Empiricism contains the important idea that we should see knowledge for ourselves, and be part of it |
| 15619 | Empiricism made particular knowledge possible, and blocked wild claims |
| 15622 | Empiricism unknowingly contains and uses a metaphysic, which underlies its categories |
| 15621 | Empiricism of the finite denies the supersensible, and can only think with formal abstraction |
| 15632 | The Humean view stops us thinking about perception, and finding universals and necessities in it |
| 21771 | Consciousness derives its criterion of knowledge from direct knowledge of its own being |
| 22058 | Hegel's 'absolute idea' is the interdependence of all truths to justify any of them [Bowie] |
| 15623 | Humean scepticism, unlike ancient Greek scepticism, accepts the truth of experience as basic |
| 22780 | It is a rejection of intellectual dignity to say that we cannot know the truth |
| 20741 | Consciousness is shaped dialectically, by opposing forces and concepts [Aho] |
| 21770 | Consciousness is both of objects, and of itself |
| 5647 | Hegel claims knowledge of self presupposes desire, and hence objects [Scruton] |
| 22770 | A person is a being which is aware of its own self-directed and free subjectivity |
| 5648 | For Hegel knowledge of self presupposes objects, and also a public and moral social world [Scruton] |
| 22788 | A human only become a somebody as a member of a social estate |
| 22792 | Individuals attain their right by discovering their self-consciousness in institutions |
| 21780 | A free will primarily wills its own freedoom [Houlgate] |
| 22040 | Freedom is produced by the activity of the mind, and is not intrinsically given |
| 15617 | In abstraction, beyond finitude, freedom and necessity must exist together |
| 22039 | Geist is distinct from nature, not as a substance, but because of its normativity [Pinkard] |
| 15608 | The act of thinking is the bringing forth of universals |
| 21986 | Hegel's system has a vast number of basic concepts [Moore,AW] |
| 20953 | Every concept depends on the counter-concepts of what it is not [Bowie] |
| 15607 | We don't think with concepts - we think the concepts |
| 15610 | Active thought about objects produces the universal, which is what is true and essential of it |
| 21763 | When we explicate the category of being, we watch a new category emerge [Houlgate] |
| 22769 | The concept of the will is the free will which wills its freedom |
| 21787 | Evil enters a good will when we believe we are doing right, but allow no criticism of our choice [Houlgate] |
| 18549 | Nineteenth century aesthetics focused on art rather than nature (thanks to Hegel) [Scruton] |
| 22043 | Hegel largely ignores aesthetic pleasure, taste and beauty, and focuses on the meaning of artworks [Pinkard] |
| 22042 | Natural beauty is unimportant, because it doesn't show human freedom [Pinkard] |
| 20413 | For Hegel the importance of art concerns the culture, not the individual [Eldridge] |
| 20394 | The purpose of art is to reveal to Spirit its own nature [Davies,S] |
| 21794 | The main purpose of art is to express the unity of human life |
| 20415 | Art forms a bridge between the sensuous world and the world of pure thought |
| 22784 | Love is ethical life in its natural form |
| 23274 | World history has no room for happiness |
| 21786 | Conscience is the right of the self to know what is right and obligatory, and thus make them true |
| 21796 | Man is God if he raises himself, by denying his nature and finitude |
| 8029 | You can't have a morality which is supplied by the individual, but is also genuinely universal [MacIntyre] |
| 22051 | The categorical imperative lacks roots in a historical culture [Bowie] |
| 22771 | Be a person, and respect other persons |
| 22781 | The categorical imperative is fine if you already have a set of moral principles |
| 21758 | Humans have no fixed identity, but produce and reveal their shifting identity in history [Houlgate] |
| 22779 | The good is realised freedom |
| 8930 | The in-itself must become for-itself, which requires self-consciousness |
| 23275 | The state of nature is one of untamed brutality |
| 20414 | Hegel's Absolute Spirit is the union of human rational activity at a moment, and whatever that sustains [Eldridge] |
| 22787 | The family is the first basis of the state, but estates are a necessary second |
| 23276 | The soul of the people is an organisation of its members which produces an essential unity |
| 21785 | We are only free, with rights, if we claim our freedom, and there are no natural rights [Houlgate] |
| 22790 | We cannot assert rights which are unnatural |
| 22767 | I aim to portray the state as a rational entity |
| 22789 | Society draws people, and requires their work, making them wholly dependent on it |
| 22791 | The state is the march of God in the world |
| 3909 | Society isn’t founded on a contract, since contracts presuppose a society [Scruton] |
| 22778 | Individuals can't leave the state, because they are natural citizens, and humans require a state |
| 22794 | A fully developed state is conscious and knows what it wills |
| 22799 | The people do not have the ability to know the general will |
| 22801 | The great man of the ages is the one who reveals and accomplishes the will of his time |
| 22796 | A constitution embodies a nation's rights and condition |
| 22777 | Individuals must dedicate themselves to the ethical whole, and give their lives when asked |
| 21791 | Social groups must focus on the state, which must in turn respect their inclusion and their will |
| 22795 | People can achieve respect for their state by insight into its essence |
| 21756 | All revolutions result from spirit changing its categories, to achieve a deeper understanding |
| 21988 | In the 1840s Hegel seemed to defend society being right as it is, as a manifestation of Mind [Singer] |
| 22800 | Majority rule means obligations can be imposed on me |
| 21792 | The state should reflect all interests, and not just popular will, or a popular party [Houlgate] |
| 22041 | Representatives by region ignores whether they care about the national interest [Pinkard] |
| 22797 | In modern states an individual's actions should be their choice |
| 23272 | The human race matters, and individuals have little importance |
| 22034 | Modern life needs individuality, but must recognise that human agency is social [Pinkard] |
| 8936 | Human nature only really exists in an achieved community of minds |
| 21790 | Moral individuals become ethical when they see the social aspect of a matter [Houlgate] |
| 8030 | For Hegel, the moral life can only be led within a certain type of community [MacIntyre] |
| 22785 | Even educated women are unsuited to science, philosophy, art and government |
| 23273 | In a good state the goal of the citizens and of the whole state are united |
| 22776 | Slaves are partly responsible for their own condition |
| 21789 | Slaves have no duties because they have no rights |
| 21783 | State slavery is a phase of education, moving towards a full culture |
| 21784 | Slavery is unjust, because humanity is essentially free |
| 21778 | True liberal freedom is to pursue something, while being free to cease the pursuit [Houlgate] |
| 21779 | People assume they are free, but the options available are not under their control |
| 23271 | The goal of the world is Spirit's consciousness and enactment of freedom |
| 22085 | Freedom requires us to submit to a family, or a corporation, or a state [Houlgate] |
| 22798 | Money is the best way to achieve just equality |
| 21781 | The absolute right is the right to have rights |
| 22783 | Rights imply duties, and duties imply rights |
| 21782 | Man has an absolute right to appropriate things |
| 22773 | Because only human beings can own property, everything else can become our property |
| 22774 | A community does not have the property-owning rights that a person has |
| 22775 | The owner of a thing is obviously the first person to freely take possession of it |
| 22802 | Wars add strength to a nation, and cure internal dissension |
| 22786 | Children need discipline, to break their self-will and eradicate sensuousness |
| 21987 | History is the progress of the consciousness of freedom |
| 23270 | We should all agree that there is reason in history |
| 4347 | When man wills the natural, it is no longer natural |
| 15614 | Old metaphysics tried to grasp eternal truths through causal events, which is impossible |
| 8931 | The movement of pure essences constitutes the nature of scientific method |
| 8933 | Science confronts the inner necessities of objects |
| 15618 | If God is the abstract of Supremely Real Essence, then God is a mere Beyond, and unknowable |
| 15635 | The older conception of God was emptied of human features, to make it worthy of the Infinite |
| 21980 | God is the absolute thing, and also the absolute person |
| 21775 | The God of revealed religion can only be understood through pure speculative knowledge |
| 4188 | Hegel's entire philosophy is nothing but a monstrous amplification of the ontological proof [Schopenhauer] |
| 15633 | We establish unification of the Ideal by the ontological proof, deriving being from abstraction of thinking |
| 6917 | God is the essence of thought, abstracted from the thinker [Feuerbach] |
| 6915 | Hegel made the last attempt to restore Christianity, which philosophy had destroyed [Feuerbach] |
| 6686 | Hegel said he was offering an encyclopaedic rationalisation of Christianity [Graham] |
| 21798 | To universalise 'give everything to the poor' leads to absurdity |
| 22782 | To have pagan beliefs and be a pagan are quite different |
| 22793 | Some religions lead to harsh servitude and the debasement of human beings |
| 21797 | Immortality does not come at a later time, but when pure knowing Spirit fully grasps the universal |