Ideas of G Lakoff / M Johnson, by Theme
[American, fl. 2003, Professors at Berkeley and Oregon.]
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3. Truth / A. Truth Problems / 9. Rejecting Truth
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24464
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True statements are largely based on our categories, which are not fixed
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7. Existence / B. Change in Existence / 4. Events / a. Nature of events
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24448
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Events are metaphorical objects (and activities are substances, and states are containers)
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13. Knowledge Criteria / B. Internal Justification / 5. Coherentism / b. Pro-coherentism
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24454
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Two metaphors for one thing may be coherent, even if inconsistent
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15. Nature of Minds / C. Capacities of Minds / 4. Objectification
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24445
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Seeing experiences as entities facilitates reference, categorising, quantifying and reasoning
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24447
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Seeing experience as objects doesn't (unlike metaphors) enhance understanding
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15. Nature of Minds / C. Capacities of Minds / 5. Generalisation by mind
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24450
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Metaphorical concepts arise not from concrete images but from general ones
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15. Nature of Minds / C. Capacities of Minds / 11. Personification
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24449
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Personification sees object in human terms, usually selecting one aspect
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18. Thought / D. Concepts / 1. Concepts / a. Nature of concepts
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24457
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We must explain how concepts are grounded, structured, related, and defined
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18. Thought / D. Concepts / 1. Concepts / c. Concepts in psychology
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24458
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Definitions give the essence of a concept, but metaphors are how we use them
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18. Thought / D. Concepts / 2. Origin of Concepts / a. Origin of concepts
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24446
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Human purposes imposes boundaries around our experiences
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18. Thought / D. Concepts / 4. Structure of Concepts / b. Analysis of concepts
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24451
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We usually conceptualise vague nonphysical things in terms of more precise physical things
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24452
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We reject the standard view that all concepts are analyzable into primitive concepts
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24455
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Metaphors help us to understand aspects of concepts
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18. Thought / D. Concepts / 4. Structure of Concepts / d. Concepts as prototypes
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24460
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Categories as prototypes can be qualified by a variety of verbal 'hedges'
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19. Language / F. Communication / 6. Interpreting Language / d. Metaphor
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24443
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Metaphor not only pervades language, but also our fundamental conceptual scheme
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24444
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Metaphors understand and experience one thing in terms of another
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24456
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Argument seen as journey, container or building reveals eight different aspects of it
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24463
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Metaphors restructure our experience, and thus create new similarities
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24462
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Metaphor stuctures our conceptual and decisions systems, and is not mere language
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22. Metaethics / B. Value / 2. Values / g. Love
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24453
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The concept of 'love' is structured mostly in physical terms
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24. Political Theory / D. Ideologies / 11. Capitalism
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24461
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Cultures were partly westernised by the new time-is-money metaphor
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27. Natural Reality / D. Time / 2. Passage of Time / a. Experience of time
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24459
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We understand time in almost entirely metaphorical terms
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