Ideas of John Cottingham, by Theme
[British, b.1943, Professor at the University of Reading.]
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9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 2. Substance / c. Types of substance
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Descartes says there are two substance, Spinoza one, and Leibniz infinitely many
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12. Knowledge Sources / C. Rationalism / 1. Rationalism
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The notion of substance lies at the heart of rationalist metaphysics
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20. Action / C. Motives for Action / 3. Acting on Reason / a. Practical reason
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Either all action is rational, or reason dominates, or reason is only concerned with means
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26. Natural Theory / C. Causation / 9. General Causation / d. Causal necessity
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For rationalists, it is necessary that effects be deducible from their causes
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