| 1524 | For Empedocles thinking is almost identical to perception [Empedocles, by Theophrastus] |
| 1733 | Thinking is not perceiving, but takes the form of imagination and speculation [Aristotle] |
| 4405 | The attainment of truth is the task of the intellectual part of the soul [Aristotle] |
| 23652 | We must first conceive things before we can consider them [Reid] |
| 5556 | A pure concept of the understanding can never become an image [Kant] |
| 8103 | A thought is as real as a cannon ball [Joubert] |
| 15608 | The act of thinking is the bringing forth of universals [Hegel] |
| 24102 | Thoughts are signs (just as words are) [Nietzsche] |
| 24078 | Thoughts cannot be fully reproduced in words [Nietzsche] |
| 4419 | People who think in words are orators rather than thinkers, and think about facts instead of thinking facts [Nietzsche] |
| 8620 | Thought is the same everywhere, and the laws of thought do not vary [Frege] |
| 9581 | Many people have the same thought, which is the component, not the private presentation [Frege] |
| 8162 | Thoughts have their own realm of reality - 'sense' (as opposed to the realm of 'reference') [Frege, by Dummett] |
| 9818 | A thought is distinguished from other things by a capacity to be true or false [Frege, by Dummett] |
| 19469 | We grasp thoughts (thinking), decide they are true (judgement), and manifest the judgement (assertion) [Frege] |
| 18717 | Thought is an activity which we perform by the expression of it [Wittgenstein] |
| 23756 | The mind is imprisoned and limited by language, restricting our awareness of wider thoughts [Weil] |
| 9033 | Recognition must precede the acquisition of basic concepts, so it is the fundamental intellectual process [Price,HH] |
| 8175 | A theory of thought will include propositional attitudes as well as propositions [Dummett] |
| 8174 | The theories of meaning and understanding are the only routes to an account of thought [Dummett] |
| 21880 | 'Tacit theory' controls our thinking (which is why Freud is important) [Derrida] |
| 6392 | Thought depends on speech [Davidson] |
| 2476 | The goal of thought is to understand the world, not instantly sort it into conceptual categories [Fodor] |
| 12640 | Associative thinking avoids syntax, but can't preserve sense, reference or truth [Fodor] |
| 12641 | Connectionism gives no account of how constituents make complex concepts [Fodor] |
| 2992 | We may be able to explain rationality mechanically [Fodor] |
| 7850 | Thinking about a thing doesn't require activating it [Papineau] |
| 7851 | Consciousness affects bodily movement, so thoughts must be material states [Papineau] |
| 4625 | Is mental imagery pictorial, or is it propositional? [Heil] |
| 18503 | You can think of tomatoes without grasping what they are [Heil] |
| 6648 | Some behaviourists believe thought is just suppressed speech [Lowe] |
| 11082 | Should we take the 'depictivist' or the 'descriptivist/propositionalist' view of mental imagery? [Hanna] |
| 10663 | A thought can refer to many things, but only predicate a universal and affirm a state of affairs [Hossack] |
| 18561 | We can identify a set of cognitive capacities which are 'higher order' [Machery] |