31 ideas
7798 | There are three axiom schemas for propositional logic [Girle] |
7786 | Propositional logic handles negation, disjunction, conjunction; predicate logic adds quantifiers, predicates, relations [Girle] |
7799 | Proposition logic has definitions for its three operators: or, and, and identical [Girle] |
7797 | Axiom systems of logic contain axioms, inference rules, and definitions of proof and theorems [Girle] |
7794 | There are seven modalities in S4, each with its negation [Girle] |
7791 | The simplest of the logics based on possible worlds is Lewis's S5 [Lewis,CI, by Girle] |
7793 | ◊p → □◊p is the hallmark of S5 [Girle] |
7795 | S5 has just six modalities, and all strings can be reduced to those [Girle] |
7787 | Possible worlds logics use true-in-a-world rather than true [Girle] |
7796 | Modal logics were studied in terms of axioms, but now possible worlds semantics is added [Girle] |
7788 | Modal logic has four basic modal negation equivalences [Girle] |
9358 | There are several logics, none of which will ever derive falsehoods from truth [Lewis,CI] |
7789 | Necessary implication is called 'strict implication'; if successful, it is called 'entailment' [Girle] |
9357 | Excluded middle is just our preference for a simplified dichotomy in experience [Lewis,CI] |
9364 | Names represent a uniformity in experience, or they name nothing [Lewis,CI] |
7790 | If an argument is invalid, a truth tree will indicate a counter-example [Girle] |
11002 | Equating necessity with informal provability is the S4 conception of necessity [Lewis,CI, by Read] |
7800 | Analytic truths are divided into logically and conceptually necessary [Girle] |
9362 | Necessary truths are those we will maintain no matter what [Lewis,CI] |
7801 | Possibilities can be logical, theoretical, physical, economic or human [Girle] |
7803 | Modal logic began with translation difficulties for 'If...then' [Lewis,CI, by Girle] |
7792 | A world has 'access' to a world it generates, which is important in possible worlds semantics [Girle] |
9365 | We can maintain a priori principles come what may, but we can also change them [Lewis,CI] |
21500 | We rely on memory for empirical beliefs because they mutually support one another [Lewis,CI] |
21501 | If we doubt memories we cannot assess our doubt, or what is being doubted [Lewis,CI] |
6556 | If anything is to be probable, then something must be certain [Lewis,CI] |
21498 | Congruents assertions increase the probability of each individual assertion in the set [Lewis,CI] |
5828 | Extension is the class of things, intension is the correct definition of the thing, and intension determines extension [Lewis,CI] |
9361 | We have to separate the mathematical from physical phenomena by abstraction [Lewis,CI] |
9363 | Science seeks classification which will discover laws, essences, and predictions [Lewis,CI] |
1558 | Clearly the gods ignore human affairs, or they would have given us justice [Thrasymachus] |