Combining Philosophers

All the ideas for H.Putnam/P.Oppenheim, Roy Bhaskar and Leucippus

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3 ideas

9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 5. Essence as Kind

15143

Kind essences are the categorical bases of a thing's causal powers [Bhaskar, by Chakravartty]

10. Modality / A. Necessity / 8. Transcendental Necessity

490	Everything happens by reason and necessity [Leucippus]

14. Science / D. Explanation / 2. Types of Explanation / j. Explanations by reduction

20653

Six reduction levels: groups, lives, cells, molecules, atoms, particles [Putnam/Oppenheim, by Watson]