Combining Philosophers
Ideas for Anaxarchus, Judith (Jarvis) Thomson and Jonathan Glover
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28 ideas
25. Social Practice / F. Life Issues / 1. Causing Death
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4649
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If someone's life is 'worth living', that gives one direct reason not to kill him [Glover]
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4651
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Utilitarians object to killing directly (pain, and lost happiness), and to side-effects (loss to others, and precedents) [Glover]
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4671
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What is wrong with killing someone, if another equally worthwhile life is substituted? [Glover]
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4676
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The 'no trade-off' position: killing is only justified if it prevents other deaths [Glover]
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4685
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Societies spend a lot to save known persons, but very little to reduce fatal accidents [Glover]
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25. Social Practice / F. Life Issues / 2. Euthanasia
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4683
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Involuntary euthanasia is wrong because it violates autonomy, and it has appalling side-effects [Glover]
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4682
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Euthanasia is voluntary (patient's wish), or involuntary (ignore wish), or non-voluntary (no wish possible) [Glover]
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4684
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Maybe extreme treatment is not saving life, but prolonging the act of dying [Glover]
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4681
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The Nazi mass murders seem to have originated in their euthanasia programme [Glover]
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25. Social Practice / F. Life Issues / 3. Abortion
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4057
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A newly fertilized ovum is no more a person than an acorn is an oak tree [Thomson]
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4665
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Conception isn't the fixed boundary for a person's beginning, because twins are possible within two weeks [Glover]
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4058
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Is someone's right to life diminished if they were conceived by a rape? [Thomson]
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4060
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The right to life does not bestow the right to use someone else's body to support that life [Thomson]
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4062
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No one is morally required to make huge sacrifices to keep someone else alive for nine months [Thomson]
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4667
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How would we judge abortion if mothers had transparent wombs? [Glover]
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4061
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The right to life is not a right not to be killed, but not to be killed unjustly [Thomson]
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4695
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Maybe abortion can be justified despite the foetus having full human rights [Thomson, by Foot]
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4059
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It can't be murder for a mother to perform an abortion on herself to save her own life [Thomson]
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4696
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The foetus is safe in the womb, so abortion initiates its death, with the mother as the agent. [Foot on Thomson]
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4652
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If killing is wrong because it destroys future happiness, not conceiving a happy child is also wrong [Glover]
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4662
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Defenders of abortion focus on early pregnancy, while opponents focus on later stages [Glover]
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4663
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If abortion is wrong, it is because a foetus is a human being or a person (or potentially so) [Glover]
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4664
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If abortion is wrong because of the 'potential' person, that makes contraception wrong too [Glover]
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4673
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Abortion differs morally from deliberate non-conception only in its side-effects [Glover]
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4666
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If viability is a test or boundary at the beginning of life, it should also be so for frail old people [Glover]
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4672
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Apart from side effects, it seems best to replace an inadequate foetus with one which has a better chance [Glover]
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4674
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It is always right for a qualified person to perform an abortion when requested by the mother [Glover]
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25. Social Practice / F. Life Issues / 4. Suicide
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4679
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One test for a worthwhile life is to assess the amount of life for which you would rather be unconscious [Glover]
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