Combining Philosophers

Ideas for H.Putnam/P.Oppenheim, Bertrand Russell and K Marx / F Engels

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38 ideas

24. Political Theory / A. Basis of a State / 1. A People / a. Human distinctiveness
5275 Men distinguish themselves from animals when they begin to produce their means of subsistence [Marx/Engels]
5292 Individuals are mutually hostile unless they group together in competition with other groups [Marx/Engels]
21992 Producing their own subsistence distinguishes men from animals [Marx/Engels]
24. Political Theory / A. Basis of a State / 1. A People / c. A unified people
23153 Gradually loyalty to a creed increased, which could even outweigh nationality [Russell]
23152 Increasingly war expands communities, and unifies them through fear [Russell]
23155 In early societies the leaders needed cohesion, but the rest just had to obey [Russell]
24. Political Theory / A. Basis of a State / 2. Population / b. State population
23156 The economic and political advantages of great size seem to have no upper limit [Russell]
24. Political Theory / B. Nature of a State / 1. Purpose of a State
23157 Government has a negative purpose, to prevent trouble, and a positive aim of realising our desires [Russell]
24. Political Theory / C. Ruling a State / 2. Leaders / b. Monarchy
23151 A monarch is known to everyone in the group, and can thus unite large groups [Russell]
24. Political Theory / C. Ruling a State / 4. Changing the State / b. Devolution
21522 Democracy is inadequate without a great deal of devolution [Russell]
21523 We would not want UK affairs to be settled by a world parliament [Russell]
23167 Power should be with smaller bodies, as long as it doesn't restrict central powers [Russell]
24. Political Theory / D. Ideologies / 2. Anarchism
21521 Anarchy does not maximise liberty [Russell]
23163 In an anarchy universities, research, books, and even seaside holidays, would be impossible [Russell]
23168 A state is essential, to control greedy or predatory impulses [Russell]
24. Political Theory / D. Ideologies / 5. Democracy / c. Direct democracy
21528 Groups should be autonomous, with a neutral authority as arbitrator [Russell]
24. Political Theory / D. Ideologies / 5. Democracy / f. Against democracy
21526 Unfortunately ordinary voters can't detect insincerity [Russell]
21527 On every new question the majority is always wrong at first [Russell]
23166 In democracy we are more aware of being governed than of our tiny share in government [Russell]
23169 Democratic institutions become impossible in a fanatical democracy [Russell]
24. Political Theory / D. Ideologies / 6. Liberalism / a. Liberalism basics
23170 Liberal opinions are tentative rather than dogmatic, and are always responsive to new evidence [Russell]
23171 Empiricism is ethically superior, because dogmatism favours persecution and hatred [Russell]
23172 Empiricist Liberalism is the only view for someone who favours scientific evidence and happiness [Russell]
24. Political Theory / D. Ideologies / 7. Communitarianism / a. Communitarianism
5293 Only in community are people able to cultivate their gifts, and therefore be free [Marx/Engels]
24. Political Theory / D. Ideologies / 8. Socialism
23160 Being a slave of society is hardly better than being a slave of a despot [Russell]
23162 Managers are just as remote from workers under nationalisation as under capitalism [Russell]
23165 Socialists say economic justice needs some state control of industries, and of foreign trade [Russell]
21525 When the state is the only employer, there is no refuge from the prejudices of other people [Russell]
24. Political Theory / D. Ideologies / 9. Communism
5273 Young Hegelians think consciousness is chains for men, where old Hegelians think it the bond of society [Marx/Engels]
5283 In communist society we are not trapped in one activity, but can act freely [Marx/Engels]
5282 If the common interest imposes on the individual, his actions become alienated and enslaving [Marx/Engels]
5288 The class controlling material production also controls mental production [Marx/Engels]
5290 The revolutionary class is opposed to 'class', and represents all of society [Marx/Engels]
5294 To assert themselves as individuals, the proletarians must overthrow the State [Marx/Engels]
5302 Modern governments are just bourgeois management committees [Marx/Engels]
5304 Communism aims to abolish not all property, but bourgeois property [Marx/Engels]
5307 Many of the bourgeois rights grievances are a form of self-defence [Marx/Engels]
24. Political Theory / D. Ideologies / 11. Capitalism
21518 Men unite in pursuit of material things, and idealise greed as part of group loyalty [Russell]